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Formulas
Metric Conversions
| American |
Metric |
Conversion Formula |
| Pounds Per Square Inch (PSIG) |
Kilograms Per Centimeter Squared (kg/cm2) |
PSIG × .0703 = kg/cm2 |
| Pounds Per Square Inch (PSIG) |
Kilopascals (kPa) |
PSIG × 6.895 = kPa |
| Pounds Per Square Inch (PSIG) |
Bar |
PSIG × .069 = bar |
| Gallons Per Minute (GPM) |
l/min. |
GPM × 3.79 = l/min. |
| Gallons Per Minute (GPM) |
Cubic Centimeters Per Minute (cc) |
GPM × 3785 = cc/min. |
| Degrees Fahrenheit (°F) |
Degrees Centigrade (°C) |
5/9 (°F - 32) = °C |
| Inches Mercury at 60°F |
Millibar (mbar) |
" Hg × 33.8 = mbar |
| Inches (") |
Millimeters (mm) |
" × 25.4 = mm |
| Inch Pounds (in•lbs) |
Newton Meters (N•m) |
in•lbs × .113 = N•m |
| Foot Pounds (ft•lbs) |
Newton Meters (N•m) |
ft•lbs × 1.356 = N•m |
| CV |
KV |
CV × 14.28 = KV |
|
CV Factor
| “Cv” flow factor is the number of gallons of water that pass through a given orifice area in one minute at a pressure drop of one PSIG. |
| “Kv” flow factor is the number of liters per minute of water that pass through a given orifice area at a pressure drop of 1 bar. |
Flow Calculation
 |
Q |
= |
Flow (GPM) |
|
 P
|
= |
Pressure drop (PSIG) |
|
S.G. |
= |
Specific gravity |
| |
|
|
|
 |
Q |
= |
Flow (l/min.) |
| P |
= |
Pressure drop (bar) |
| Y |
= |
Specific gravity |
Cv and Kv Calculator
>>
Basic Formulas For System Designing
Flow Estimate
Q = 2.449 VD2
| Q |
= |
Gallons per minute |
| V |
= |
Velocity, feet per second |
| D |
= |
Inside diameter, inches |
Pipe Diameter Estimate
Velocity Estimate
Pressure Loss Due to Friction
Hazen & Williams Formula
 P100 |
= |
Frictional Pressure Loss in PSI
|
|
100 feet of tubing or pipe
|
| Q |
= |
Gallons per minute, fluid with specific gravity of 1.0 |
| C |
= |
Velocity, feet per second |
| D |
= |
Inside diameter, inches |
Hazen & Williams Calculator >>
Approximate Burst Pressure of Tubing or Pipe
| BP |
= |
Burst pressure (PSIG) |
| W |
= |
Wall thickness (in) |
| T |
= |
Tensile strength (PSI) |
| I.D. |
= |
Inside diameter, inches |
For additional application assistance contact the factory.
Fitting Pressure Drop Calculation
| Le |
= |
K × I.D. |
|
| K |
= |
Configuration Constant |
|
| I.D. |
= |
Fitting inside diameter measured in feet |
|
| Le |
= |
Equivalent Tubing Length |
|
| |
|
K values (same size ends) |
|
| |
|
90° Elbow |
K = 30 |
| |
|
45° Elbow and Sweep elbow |
K = 16 |
| |
|
Tee (flow through run) |
K = 20 |
| |
|
Tee (flow through branch) |
K = 60 |
Fitting Pressure Drop Calculator >>
Material Tensile Strength
| FEP |
= |
3000 @ 73°F |
| PFA |
= |
3600 @ 73°F, 1800 @ 482°F |
| Tefzel® |
= |
6500 @ 73°F, 3000 @ 200°F, 1300 @ 300°F |
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